abstract：:Changes in gene expression during systemic acquired resistance (SAR) require the phenolic signaling molecule salicylic acid (SA) and are modulated by the interaction between the NON EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES1 (NPR1) protein and members of the TGA family of transcription factors. In the past two years, th...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Fobert PR,Després C

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptotic cell death in animals is regulated by cysteine proteinases called caspases. Recently, vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) was identified as a plant caspase. VPE deficiency prevents cell death during hypersensitive response and cell death of limited cell layers at the early stage of embryogenesis. Because plants...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Hara-Nishimura I,Hatsugai N,Nakaune S,Kuroyanagi M,Nishimura M

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large proportion of the genes in any plant genome encode enzymes of primary and specialized (secondary) metabolism. Not all plant primary metabolites, those that are found in all or most species, have been identified. Moreover, only a small portion of the estimated hundreds of thousand specialized metabolites, those...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Fridman E,Pichersky E

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditional medicines in the form of botanical dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have found a place in 21st century healthcare. They nonetheless all contain compounds that are foreign to humans (i.e. xenobiotics) and that are subject to the same pharmacological issues encountered by synthetic therapeutic agents. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Barnes S,Prasain J

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the prevalence of duplicate genes and genomes in plant species, the study of their evolutionary dynamics has been a focus of study in plant evolutionary genetics over the past two decades. The past few years have been a particularly exciting time because recent theoretical and experimental investigations have le...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Moore RC,Purugganan MD

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrous proteins from spiders, proteins with synthetic multiple repeats and mammalian structural proteins such as collagen have been produced in transgenic plants. Recent advances in the production of biodegradable plastic in plants also show the potential of molecular farming for research into and production of mater...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Scheller J,Conrad U

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leaves are made in an iterative pattern by the shoot apical meristem. The mechanism of this pattern formation has fascinated biologists, mathematicians and poets for centuries. Over the past year, fundamental insights into the molecular basis of this process have been gained. Patterns of auxin polar transport dictate ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Fleming AJ

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Correct positioning and active movement of organelles within cells are essential for cellular homeostasis and adaptation to external stresses. Unlike animal and fungal systems, plant organelle positioning has not yet been revealed at the molecular level. The recent development of organelle-targeting green fluorescent ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Wada M,Suetsugu N

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phytochrome is a soluble protein that regulates various responses of plants to light. Not all but most of the phytochrome responses are accompanied by changes in the pattern of gene expression. Upon light activation, phytochrome is imported into the nucleus by the nuclear localization activity of the carboxy-terminal ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Nagatani A

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:WRKY proteins comprise a large family of transcription factors. Despite their dramatic diversification in plants, WRKY genes seem to have originated in early eukaryotes. The cognate DNA-binding site of WRKY factors is well defined, but determining the roles of individual family members in regulating specific transcrip...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Ulker B,Somssich IE

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms that mediate the control of flowering time have been accessed through a molecular genetic approach in Arabidopsis. Flowering is regulated by different pathways and, in the past year, all of the known components of the so-called autonomous pathway have been identified. The autonomous pathway comprises a comb...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Simpson GG

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phytopathogenic bacteria use the type-III secretion system (TTSS) to inject effector proteins into plant cells, presumably to colonize their hosts. The function of these proteins inside plant cells has remained a mystery for years. The recent discovery that the effectors XopD, AvrXv4, AvrPphB, and AvrRpt2 have cystein...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Hotson A,Mudgett MB

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant hormones salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET) are major players in the regulation of signaling networks that are involved in induced defense responses against pathogens and insects. During the past two years, significant progress has been made in understanding the function of NON-EXPRES...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Pieterse CM,Van Loon LC

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have further confirmed the ubiquity of cell wall restructuring during plant growth and development, and have emphasized the fact that our understanding of the breadth of molecular processes that mediate wall modification is still rudimentary. In the past few years, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic agent...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Rose JK,Saladié M,Catalá C

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-coding small endogenous RNAs, of 21-24 nucleotides in length, have recently emerged as important regulators of gene expression in both plants and animals. At least three categories of small RNAs exist in plants: short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) deriving from viruses or transgenes and mediating virus resistance or t...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Mallory AC,Vaucheret H

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to express foreign genes using transgenic technologies has opened up options for producing large quantities of commercially important industrial or pharmaceutical products in plants. These technologies have made it possible to use well-developed systems of commercial agriculture that were developed princip...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Mascia PN,Flavell RB

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade, molecular genetic studies on the reference plant Arabidopsis have established a largely linear signal transduction pathway for the response to ethylene gas. The biochemical modes of action of many of the signaling components are still unresolved. During the past year, however, progress in sever...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Guo H,Ecker JR

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein farnesylation has an important role in the regulation of plant development and signal transduction, but the exact function of this modification is not well understood. The identification of protein farnesyltransferase substrates, together with the genetic analysis of mutants that are deficient in protein farne...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Galichet A,Gruissem W

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expansins are now generally accepted to be key regulators of wall extension during growth. Several alternative roles for expansins have emerged in which the emphasis of their action is on wall breakdown or softening in processes such as fruit ripening, pollination, germination and abscission. Expansins are commonly en...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Li Y,Jones L,McQueen-Mason S

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular and genomic studies have shown that several genes with various functions are induced by drought and cold stresses, and that various transcription factors are involved in the regulation of stress-inducible genes. The products of stress-inducible genes function not only in stress tolerance but also in stress r...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Shinozaki K,Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K,Seki M

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent molecular biological and genetical studies have identified several positive and negative regulators of gibberellin (GA) signalling pathways in higher plants. The DELLA protein functions as a negative regulator of GA signalling; its degradation through the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway is a key event in the regul...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Gomi K,Matsuoka M

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonhost resistance confers robust protection against pathogenic invaders, and has many similarities to host resistance. Through the different steps of pathogen development, plants make use of diverse defence strategies to present obstacles to the invader. These include preformed barriers, innate immunity in response t...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Thordal-Christensen H

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathway of starch synthesis in the cereal endosperm is unique, and requires enzyme isoforms that are not present in other cereal tissues or non-cereal plants. Recent information on the functions of individual enzyme isoforms has provided insight into how the linear chains and branch linkages in cereal starch are s...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： James MG,Denyer K,Myers AM

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of plant metabolic processes in response to environmental and developmental signals is a complex interaction between optimization of enzyme activity and transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Through painstaking efforts over more than 50 years, many metabolic pathways in plants have been charact...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Buckhout TJ,Thimm O

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pan-tropical wild relatives of rice grow in a wide variety of habitats: forests, savanna, mountainsides, rivers and lakes. The completion of the sequencing of the rice nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes affords an opportunity to widen our understanding of the genomes of the genus Oryza. Research on the Oryza genus ha...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Vaughan DA,Morishima H,Kadowaki K

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endosperm is an essential part of the seed that sustains embryo development and reserve storage. Several genes that are involved in endosperm differentiation and that have domains of expression arranged along a conserved antero-posterior axis have been isolated in Arabidopsis and in cereals. Endosperm polarity is ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Berger F

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The basic mechanism of mitosis is universally conserved in all eucaryotes, but specific solutions to achieve this process have been adapted by different organisms during evolution. Although cytological studies of plant cells have contributed to our understanding of chromatin dynamics during mitosis, many of the molecu...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Criqui MC,Genschik P

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies in yeast, animals and plants have provided major breakthroughs in unraveling the molecular mechanism of higher-order gene regulation. In conjunction with the DNA code, proteins that are involved in chromatin remodeling, histone modification and epigenetic imprinting form a large network of interactions ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Fransz PF,de Jong JH

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) link information transfer from external stimuli-activated sensors to cellular responses. The completed Arabidopsis genome sequence revealed an extraordinary complexity in MAPK-signalling components in plants. Information obtained from Arabidopsis provides a framework for a uni...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Jonak C,Okrész L,Bögre L,Hirt H

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing by bacteria regulates traits that are involved in symbiotic, pathogenic and surface-associated relationships between microbial populations and their plant hosts. Recent advances demonstrate deviations from the classic LuxR/LuxI paradigm, which was first developed...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Loh J,Pierson EA,Pierson LS 3rd,Stacey G,Chatterjee A

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants release volatiles after herbivore attack in a highly regulated fashion. These compounds attract natural enemies and function as indirect defenses. Whether neighboring plants 'eavesdrop' on these volatile signals and tailor their defenses accordingly remains controversial. Recent laboratory studies have identifi...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Baldwin IT,Kessler A,Halitschke R

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable interest in lignin biosynthesis has been fueled by the many roles that lignin plays in development and in resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, as well as its importance to industry and agriculture. Although the pathway leading to the lignin polymer has been studied for decades, new insights into the e...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Humphreys JM,Chapple C

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although concerted efforts to understand selected botanical models have been made, the resulting basic knowledge varies in its applicability to other diverse species including the major crops. Recent advances in high-throughput genomics are offering new avenues through which to exploit model systems for the study of b...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Osterlund MT,Paterson AH

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The common controls that are involved in both vegetative and floral development are becoming apparent at the molecular level. Intriguing links are also emerging between developmental events during the juvenile/adult and floral transitions. This progress has made it possible to test the annual model of floral transitio...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Battey NH,Tooke F

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intrinsic size of plant organs is determined by developmental signals, yet the molecular and genetic mechanisms that control organ size are largely unknown. Ongoing functional analysis of Arabidopsis genes is defining important regulators involved in these mechanisms. Key features of this control are the coordinat...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Mizukami Y

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past year, significant advances have been made in our understanding of stomatal development and its response to climate change, and in our knowledge of how guard cell Ca(2+) oscillations encode environmental signals. Recent studies on (de)phosphorylation mechanisms have provided new information on how guard...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Assmann SM,Wang XQ

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant progress has been made in the past year in understanding the mechanism of systemic acquired resistance. Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades have been implicated as negative regulators of salicyclic acid accumulation and the induction of resistance. The salicylic acid signal is transduced through NPR1...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Dong X

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant vascular system plays a pivotal role in the delivery of nutrients to distantly located organs. Recent discoveries have provided new insight into a novel role for plasmodesmata and the phloem in terms of the transport and delivery of information macromolecules (i.e. proteins and ribonucleoprotein complexes). ...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Ruiz-Medrano R,Xoconostle-Cázares B,Lucas WJ

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genome of the plastid has generated much interest as a target for plant transformation. The characteristics of plastid transgenes both reflect the prokaryotic origin of plastid organelles and provide a unique set of features that are currently lacking in genes introduced into the plant nucleus. Recent progress has...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Heifetz PB,Tuttle AM

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past two years, significant progress has been made towards understanding the molecular basis of how multiple pathways regulating the floral transition are integrated. The transcriptional regulation of several genes, the floral meristem identity gene LEAFY and the 'flowering-time' genes FLOWERING LOCUS T and...

journal_title：Current opinion in plant biology

authors： Araki T

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00